1.1 TA201-2-H Oxidation State Type Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst

1.2 TA201-2-H Pre-Reduction Type Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst

Form 1   TA201-2/TA201-2-H    Ammonia Synthesis Physical Performance

The main ingredient of TA201-2 is ferroferric oxide(Fe3o4), contains moderate Cobalt Oxide/Al₂O₃/K₂O and CaO etc. additives. TA201-2-H is an activity α-Fe which based on and developed from TA201-2 , it has an Feo film packing in its surface for keeping the safety during transfering and loading. This film not only can keep the safety of TA201-2-H, it also could easily reducing action when use it. After Pre-reduction, the TA201-2-H could reducing more than 90%, the content of Oxygen usually under 2%.

Form 2 TA201-2 Ammonia Synthesis Chemical Composition

3.1 K₂O Content Increased

K₂O is one kind of Electrical Additives, it can increase the specific activity of catalyst. In the process of preparing catalyst, K2O and magnetite or other type additives reaction get sylvine, after reduction is evenly distributed on the surface of α-Fe, reduced the electrical work function on the surface of Iron, promoted the desorption and adsorption for ammonia. TA201-2 K2O content about 20% ~ 20% higher than that of other types of catalyst, it is one reason for TA201-2 has higher activity.

3.2 Adding cobalt oxide to improve the catalyst activity

TA201-2 is one kind of double active component of iron cobalt catalyst. In the process of melting, cobalt oxide and magnetite forms solid. After the reduction, cobalt atoms uniformly distributed in the α-Fe, which decreases the α-Fe significantly, lattice distortion, promotes more [111] face to expose, increases the number of active center, and improves the pore structure, increase 40 ~ 70A⁰ micropore. It is benefit to the transfer of reactants and products. Type TA201-2 ammonia synthesis catalyst contains a certain amount of CO₃O_4，, which makes it have good low temperature activity.

 3.3 Adjust the content of Al₂O₃ and CaO additives

Al2O3 and CaO are structural additives. In the process of melting, they form solid solution with magnetite, metal ions into the spinel structure of oxygen ions of closest packing is tetrahedral and octahedral gap, making them evenly distributed among the magnetite. In the process of reduction and use, these oxide can not be restored with function of isolation of alpha Fe, making the grain size and stability, improving the catalyst activity and stability. on the other hand, ammonia synthesis make a number of catalytic reaction on molten iron catalyst. The dissociation and synthetic reaction of H2N2 molecule adsorption are conducted in alpha Fe grain on the surface. Analysis shows that the surface structure, iron surface area occupy some percent of the entire surface area of catalyst. Most of the surface is occupied by oxide additives without reduction. Therefore, some documents think, on the basis of not affecting lifetime, we can decrease additives to improve the catalytic performance.TA201-2 fully considers the combination of structural auxiliaries, reasonably adjust the content of Al2O3 and CaO additives. It is great to improve the activity of catalyst and to improve the catalyst reduction performance. Compared with other type catalyst, TA201-2 reduce the content of Al2O3 and CaO dramatically.

Form 3    Portion of Al2O3 and CaO content in ammonia synthesis catalyst

3.4 Adding a special additives to improve the catalyst thermal stability

It is generally recognized that reducing the content of Al2O3 and CaO can be advantageous to the catalyst activity increase and makes the catalyst easy to restore. But its thermal stability will be reduced. To make up for the shortcomings, we work through a large number of screening, add a special additives. It can effectively prevent gathered in potassium ion transfer to the inside catalyst particles on the surface of the catalyst, making the potassium ions on the surface of catalyst residence time longer. Then it will greatly improve the thermal stability and service life of the catalyst. Using the additives can first combine with poison (mainly CO and CO2)and can release under high H2, therefore, to a certain extent, it can enhance the poison resistance of the catalyst.

3.5 The choice of Fe2 + / Fe3

Fe2 / Fe3 + is a key indicator of molten iron catalysts. There are a few research reports at home and abroad about the influence of the ratio of iron for catalytic performance. Usually Think that the ratio of iron has the best catalytic activity controlling the number in 0.50~0.60. We think that, there are different choices for the best ratio of iron as for adding different types and contents of additives. In the process of research and development of Type TA201-2 ammonia synthesis catalyst, we made research on the influence of ratio of iron for the reducing property, catalytic activity, thermal stability, and mechanical strength of catalyst. Compared with other catalyst,ratio of iron of Type TA201-2 ammonia synthesis catalyst is the lowest. This is good for Al2O3 metal ions to enter into the spinel structure, making them evenly distributed in the magnetite phase, giving full play to the structure of Al2O3 fertilizer effect. Therefore, although TA201-2 Al2O3 content in the catalyst decreased obviously, adjusting the ratio and adding some special additives of iron make it still has good thermal stability. Laboratory performance test results and factory usage practice also confirmed the related view.

Form 4  Portion Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst Fe²⁺/Fe³

Noted: A、B、C is the same type ammonia synthesis catalyst in domestic

Our TA201-2、TA201-2 – H passed ISO9002 authentication, products strictly in accordance with industry standards, the products we sent out are all conform to the requirements of the quality.

TA201-2 implement enterprise standards, Standard NO. Is :Q/LQCJ002-2010.

TA201-2 – H product quality reference standards Q/HG – 1551-1551 execution.

5.1 TA201-2

Activity:(according to Q/LQCJ002-2010 test method)

Under laboratory conditions, when the catalyst particle size was 1.0 ~ 1.4 mm, loading 2 ml, pressure 15.0 Mpa, airspeed 3 x 104 hr – 1, temperature 415 ℃(500 ℃ heat after 20 h), got ammonia is not less than 14.2% .

5.2 TA201-2-H

Activity: (refer to Q/HG – 1551-85 standard)

Under laboratory conditions, when the catalyst particle size was 1.0 ~ 1.4 mm, loading 2 ml, pressure 15.0 Mpa, airspeed 3 x 104 hr – 1, temperature 415 ℃(500 ℃ heat after 20 h), ammonia still not less than 14.2%.

6.1 TA201-2/TA201-2-H Reduction Condition

TA201-2 is one kind of oxidation catalyst, before use must be conducted with hydrogen reduction, reducing gas commonly use hydrogen nitrogen mixture. The catalyst with its hydrogen reduction of Fe3O4 into α-Fe, then it has activity; TA201-2 – H after reduction and surface passivation, before use must be demage the film which on the surface of it.

Fe₃O₄+4H₂=3Fe+4H₂O

Warms up with the purification of pure nitrogen, reduction when using pure nitrogen mixture, condition in the following table:

Form 5 TA201-2/TA201-2-H Reduction Performance and Qualification

The reduction details see reduction plan (discussion)

6.2 Factory using conditions:

5.2.1 When this catalyst is exposed to air, it easy to be affected with damp result in the soluble potassium precipitation on the surface , lead to activity decreased, especially the low temperature activity decline. Is also susceptible to poison poison in the air, especially the prereduced catalyst, so do not open the lid before packing, if you want to open barrels, should be closed immediately.

5.2.2 Storage should be placed in dry ventilated shimron repository, and should always check the status of packaging.

6.3 Catalyst using conditions

5.3.1 Using temperature:

Because TA201-2 has good low temperature activity and strong thermal stability make it has a wide operating temperature range. Operating temperature range is 340 ~ 530 ℃, the normal operating temperature is 350 ~ 500 ℃, in order to keep low temperature activity, generally more hot spot temperature should be as low as possible.

6.3.2 Pressure using:

TA201-2 under the condition of low pressure operation has good activity. It not only can be suitable for low pressure ammonia synthesis, also suitable for high pressure ammonia synthesis, TA201-2 operating pressure can be controlled in: 8.0 ~ 31.4 Mpa

6.3.3 airspeed:

TA201-2 according to different operating pressure, the operating speed can be controlled between 5000 ~ 40000-1 hr. High pressure, space velocity can be increased, for operating pressure between 14 ~ 16 mpa, general operating speed is 6000 ~ 10000 h – 1.

6.3.4 Feed gas composition control:

Hydrogen Nitrogen proportion: TA201-2 Hydrogen Nitrogen proportion using range is 1.5 ~ 4.0, suitable for Hydrogen Nitrogen proportion is 2.2 ~ 2.2.

Inert gas:

In the reaction of the Inert gas (CH4 + Ar) operating range is between 8 ~ 24%, suitable controlled in 10% more or less.

6.3.5 catalyst service life

Under the condition of normal use, the service life of the catalyst to ensure value for more than 10 years.

7.1 When catalyst loading to avoid be affected with damp, to prevent the soluble potassium precipitation, affect the activity

7.2 In the process of transfer,it has to dampproof , avoid casting roll strike. so as to avoid damage the packaging barrels and wearing catalyst .

7.3 Catalyst must be sieving before loading.

7.4 Before loading the synthetic tower tube inside and outside have been  cleaned, center pipe, thermometer casing, the main gas inlet end, airway tube, inside and outside the cylinder clearance have to block up in cotton. Have the loading conditions, and then reload.

7.5 During filling,be strictly operation in accordance with the catalyst loading method and the notes, when add catalyst into the tower, it should be decentralized tile, not allowed to dump or slant piles in point. Uniform loading should be closely, can adopt the layered homogeneous vibration way for many times, made the catalyst flat and tamping, prevent the catalyst bed layer resistance, easy to produce gas flow deviation. The actual loading bulk density  of TA201-2  should be reached more than 3.0 Kg/l: TA201-2 – H should be reached more than 2.4 Kg/l.